Here are four clear bullet points summarizing the article: • Karl Schlögel, a German historian, has won the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade for 2025, with a focus on his work supporting Ukraine against Russia's invasion. • Schlögel recently visited Ukraine and witnessed air-raid alarms and daily attacks on cities, emphasizing the need for increased military support to defend Ukraine and warning that "without a free Ukraine, there can be no peace in Europe." • As a prominent expert on Eastern Europe, Schlögel has spent decades studying and writing about the region, including publishing books on Moscow, Ukraine, and the Soviet Union. • The Peace Prize, awarded annually, recognizes individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the realization of the idea of peace, and Schlögel will use the award to reiterate his support for a free and independent Ukraine.

Here are the four clear bullet points summarizing the news article: • The identity of the perpetrator in the famous "Last Jew in Vinnitsa" photo has been confirmed with 99% certainty to be Nazi war criminal Jakobus Onnen, a member of Einsatzgruppe C, which murdered hundreds of thousands of Jewish people in Eastern Europe. • The photo was taken in Berdychiv, Ukraine, in late July 1941, not in Vinnytsia as previously believed, according to German historian Jürgen Matthäus, who discovered the error through research on the war diaries of Austrian Wehrmacht soldier Walter Materna. • The discovery of the perpetrator's identity was made possible through the collaboration of historians, AI experts, and a retired high school teacher who recognized the shooter as an uncle of his wife, providing a high-quality print of the photo for comparison. • Despite the identification of the perpetrator, the victim's identity remains unknown, as the Nazis did not list the names of people shot in Eastern Europe, and many victims were never identified.

Here are four clear bullet points summarizing the article: • Marie Curie is the only person to have received two Nobel Prizes in different natural sciences, Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911, for her work on radioactivity and discovery of new elements. • Albert Einstein's theory of relativity was initially rejected by the Nobel Prize committee, and he only received a Nobel Prize in 1921 for his theory of the photoelectric effect, not relativity, despite its continued influence on scientific understanding. • Nobel Prize medals have been auctioned off for millions, with Francis Crick's medal selling for over $2 million in 2013 and James Watson's medal selling for around $4.8 million in 2014. • The Nobel Prize has been awarded to some individuals whose work was later proven to be wrong or harmful, including Johannes Fibiger's 1926 award for a debunked theory on worms causing cancer and Antonio Egas Moniz's 1949 award for developing the lobotomy procedure.

Here are the 4 clear bullet points summarizing the article: • Israeli jets launched a surprise attack on a residential neighborhood in Doha, Qatar, killing a Qatari security officer and the son of a top Hamas negotiator, on September 9. • The attack was a major provocation and threatened to blow up prospects for a ceasefire, but 20 days later, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and US President Donald Trump announced support for a plan to end the Gaza war. • The plan, which has not yet been finalized, calls for Hamas to give up its arms, but the Israeli strike motivated an angry Trump and his advisers to pressure Netanyahu into supporting the framework. • The surprise attack also led to high-stakes diplomacy among nations, including secret talks among the US, Israel, and Arab governments, which could potentially lead to an enduring effect and a path to end the war.