Topic: Biology

Scientists have created global maps showing where underground fungal networks are found and how much of them exist worldwide. These networks help move carbon into soils and support plant life.

Underground Fungal Networks Support Plant Life

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, commonly called AM fungi, form mutually beneficial relationships with approximately 70% of plant species worldwide. Plants provide the fungi with carbon produced through photosynthesis, while the fungi supply plants with nutrients and water.

Mapping Fungal Networks

To build the new maps, researchers compiled measurements from more than 16,000 soil cores collected around the world. They then used machine-learning models that incorporated environmental data from deserts, tundra, forests, and other ecosystems to predict fungal network density in regions where direct measurements were unavailable.

Estimating Global Fungal Network Size

Their analysis suggests that AM fungal networks extend for approximately 110 quadrillion kilometers and contain roughly 300 megatons of carbon (4-6x the mass of all living humans).

Why It Matters

Understanding these underground fungal networks can help us regulate the planet's climate, support plant life, and even identify areas where they may be under threat.

Key Facts

• Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form mutually beneficial relationships with approximately 70% of plant species worldwide.
• The global AM fungal network size is estimated to be around 110 quadrillion kilometers long and contains roughly 300 megatons of carbon.
• These networks help move carbon into soils, support plant life, and regulate the planet's climate.

Key Terms

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

A type of fungus that forms beneficial relationships with plants

Implications

Understanding these underground fungal networks can help us regulate the planet's climate, support plant life, and even identify areas where they may be under threat.