Topic: Environment
A new study by the University of Zurich found that climate change and language loss are threatening the knowledge of thousands of plant species used by Indigenous groups in the Amazon. The researchers created a database documenting plant use across 700 references spanning over 500 years.
The Amazon region is home to more than 400 Indigenous groups who use thousands of rainforest plant species. They pass on their knowledge about these plants through oral tradition, creating a 'living library of knowledge'. Until now, little was known about how this treasure trove of knowledge is affected by climate change and language loss.
A new study by the University of Zurich provides the first reliable scientific data on the impact of global change on the biocultural heritage of the Amazon region. The research group led by Professor Rodrigo Cámara Leret compiled a database documenting all reports on plant use in Amazonian countries and territories. They collaborated with Patrick Roehrdanz, director of climate change and biodiversity at Conservation International's Moore Center for Science.
The researchers found that Indigenous peoples use at least one-third of the region's known plant species, which amounts to 5,796 plant species. This knowledge is crucial for their daily lives, as plants are used for food, medicine, construction, and cultural practices. For example, tobacco is a plant used in many ways in everyday life, including as a stimulant and to signal the arrival of humans.
The study also simulated the future of these plants based on three climate scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). However, many of the plant species currently in use are already rare and found only in a few areas, where they are increasingly being displaced by hyperdominant species.
Why It Matters
This study highlights the importance of preserving Indigenous knowledge and the Amazon ecosystem. As climate change continues to threaten these communities, it's essential that we understand the impact on their biocultural heritage and take steps to protect it.
Key Facts
- Over 400 Indigenous groups use thousands of rainforest plant species in the Amazon region.
- The researchers created a database documenting plant use across 700 references spanning over 500 years.
- Indigenous peoples use at least one-third of the region's known plant species, which amounts to 5,796 plant species.
- Climate change and language loss are threatening the knowledge of these plant species.
- The study simulated the future of these plants based on three climate scenarios from the IPCC.
Key Terms
- biocultural heritage
- the shared knowledge and practices of a community related to their environment and culture
- hyperdominant species
- a plant species that dominates an ecosystem, often outcompeting other species
Implications
This study highlights the importance of preserving Indigenous knowledge and the Amazon ecosystem. As climate change continues to threaten these communities, it's essential that we understand the impact on their biocultural heritage and take steps to protect it.
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